音节	发音	例词1	例词2	例词3	例词4	例词5	例词6	例词7	例词8	例词9	例词10	备注
a	a:	class	last	passport	father	after	bath					啊
a	æ	rat	chat	cap	land	mad	marry	pack	plan	angry	thank	挨
a	ɔ	what	want	swallow								ao
a	ɔ:	sater										噢
a	e	any										egg
a	ə	along	company	another	China							呃
a	eə	various										哎
a	eɪ	April	late	age	save	cage	hate	same	space	make	mistake
a	I	cabbage
ai	æ	plait	plaid							apple	hat	ai
ai	e	said
ai	eɪ	wait	main									a
air	eə	hair	fair	affair	unfair							bear
al	a:	calm	half									car
al	ɔ:	walk	talk	hall								ao
ar	a:	dark	harm	large	park	part	sharp	march	start	bargain	darling	a
ar	ɔ:	warm
ar	ə	sugar	standard
ar	eə	vary
are	eə	prepare	parent	care	dare	area	rare	share	scare			chair
au	a:	laugh	aunt									heart
au	ɔ:	daughter	Paul									water
aw	ɔ:	saw	law	paw								door
ay	eɪ	say	lay	may	tray	way	play	today				cake
c	k	cage	care	cross	crown	cdoctor						克
c	ʃ	delicious	ocean									fish
ch	k	technology	character
ch	ʃ	machine	mustache									sh
ch	tʃ	bench	cheat	lunch	march	peach	cheer	teach	China	check	charge	痴
ci	ʃ	special
ck	k	pick	duck	check	quick	pocket						cake
ð	th	bathe	mother	that	clothing	this	they	rather	breathe	father	brother	日
dge	dʒ	judge	bridge
di	dʒ	soldier										jeep
dj	dʒ	adjective
du	dʒ	procedure
e	e	leg	red	get	help	lend	men	tell	never	well	west	哎
e	ə	gentlemen	movement	happen	accident	company						e
e	I	expect	goodness	pretty								monkey
e	i:	he	me	people	secret						英语音标	衣
ea	e	head	bread	ready								elephant
ea	eɪ	great	break									bay
ea	i:	tea	eat	eagle	leave	sea	speak	read	streat	please	reach	sea
ea	ɪə	theater	realize									耶
ear	a:	heart
ear	ə:	early	earth	search
ear	eə	wear
ear	ɪə	near	dear	fear	year	tear	gear	shear				ye
ee	i:	heel	sweet	knee	meet	need	week	keep				please
eer	ɪə	deer	sneer	peer	queer							ear
ei	aɪ	either										bike
ei	eɪ	weigh		eight
ei	i:	receive	seize
eigh	aɪ	heigh
eir	eə	their
er	ə	worker	teacher	waiter	manager
er	ə:	her	mercy	person	verb	term	number					饿
er	ɪə	mysterious
ere	eə	where
ere	ɪə	mere	gere									bear
eu	ɪə	museum
ew	əʊ	sew
ew	u:	crew
ey	eɪ	they
ey	I	donkey
ey	i:	key	money
eye	aɪ	eye
f	f	wife	feel	fill	food	find	fish					夫
ff	f	off	coffee	office	stuff							f
g	dʒ	wage	danger	angel								orange
g	g	bag	get	give	great	green						歌
g	ʒ	reigime
ge	dʒ	cage	vegetable	charge	change	challenge
ge	ʒ	garage	prestige	beige								treasure
gg	dʒ	suggestion
gg	g	egg	beggar									g
gh	f	cough	enough
gu	g	ghost	guide	guest	vague
h	h	hope	hat	heal	hot	perhaps	happy	heavy	holiday	how	hand	h
h	wh	who	whole
i	aɪ	ice	like	mind	shine	wild	life	ride	bike	white	skies	爱
i	ə	possible	terrible									ladder
i	I	ink	big	pity	visit	quick	mist	sister	village	wish	little	一
i	i:	machine										e
ie	aɪ	tie	die	lie								sky
ie	e	friend
ie	i:	field	thief	blieve
ier	ɪə	fierce	pier
igh	aɪ	night	flight	skyhigh	fight
iou	ɪə	serious	various
ir	ə:	first	bird	sir	girl	thirteen						e
j	dʒ	jump	jeans	jazz	jog	digest	joke	fam	just	jungle	justice	zh
k	k	joke	duck	keep	seek	milk	sink	link	pick	cook	question	k
n	kn	knife	know	knee								n
n	n	not	name	dance	need	night	honey	new	tone	nine	run	呢
ŋ	n	pink	bank	think	sink	thank	uncle			n在辅音g,k前发ŋ
ŋ	ng	sing	mornig	song	strong	language	spring	nothing	wrong	sing	evening	呵
o	ɔ	ox	often	sock	stop	doctor	shop	sorry	lots	not	offer	嗷
o	ə	correct	protect	second	seldom	today	occasion	welcome				dollar
o	əʊ	so	phone	no	polar	smoke	note	quote	hope	open	close	欧
o	I	women
o	u	woman										呜
o	u:	lose	prove	tomb	remove	movie						乌
o	ʌ	come	onion	son	mother	done						啊
o	w	once										窝
oa	ɔ:	broad
oa	əʊ	road	boat									o
oar	ɔ:	board
oe	ə	surgeon
oe	əʊ	toe	Joe									boat
oe	u:	shoe										bamboo
oi	ɔɪ	soil	oil	noise	point	poison	coin	voice	toilet	boil	choice	哎
oo	u	look	understood	wood	wool	woolen	foot	cookie	took	cook	book	sugar
oo	u:	school	too	mood	moonlight	root	tooth	noon	boot	groom	good	shoe
oo	ʌ	blood	flood									love
oor	ɔ:	door	floor
oor	ʊə	poor	moor	boor	poor							呜
or	ɔ:	or	short	for	lord	horse	airport	border	north
or	ə	visitor	forget
or	ə:	word	work	world	worm							bird
ore	ɔ:	more	shore
ou	aʊ	cloud	our	mouse	mouth	sound	shout	outside	found	pound		傲
ou	ɔ	cough										dog
ou	ɔ:	ought	thought
ou	əʊ	though	shoulder									window
ou	u	could	soup	wolf								book
ou	u:	soup	group
ou	ʌ	touch	enough	tough	trouble	young						cup
our	ɔ:	pour	four
our	ə	labour
our	ə:	courtesy	journey
our	ʊə	tour	touist	bourne								tour
ow	aʊ	flower	allow	town	power	drown	towel	now	cow	shower		house
ow	ɔ	knowledge										orange
ow	əʊ	own	show	throw	row
oy	ɔɪ	voyage	toy	enjoy	joy							boy
ph	f	photo	physical
q	k	queen										kite
s	c	once	rice									斯
s	s	six	school	case	bus	sign	famous	seem	sing	sink	swim	s
s	ʃ	sure	sugar									湿
s	sc	scene
s	ss	class	boss	chess
s	ʒ	measure	usually	pleasure	casually							吱
sci	ʃ	conscious
sh	ʃ	ash	push	dish	short	share	sunshine	cash	show	ship	shoulder	shirt
si	ʒ	decision	occasion	fusion	television	vision	conclusion	pleasure
ss	ʃ	pressure	omission
tch	tʃ	watch										ch
ti	ʃ	mention	quotation
tion	tʃ	question
ture	tʃ	picture	gesture									chicken
u	ə	august	chorus	success	upon	museum
u	I	minute	busy									ship
u	u	put	pudding	full	pull	wonderful						u
u	u:	june	rule	truth	rude	rumor						u
u	ʌ	shut	study	trust	ugly	us	umbrella	run	but	much	up	a
u	w	persuade	suite
ue	e	guest
ue	u:	blue	true
ui	I	build
ui	u:	fruit
ur	ə	Saturday	lecture	surprise
ur	ə:	curse	hurt	purple	purse	turn	urgent					skirt
ur	ʊə	insurance	sure	rural	manual	lure						poor
uy	aɪ	buy	guy
w	w	we	twin	weal	west	worry						w
wh	w	white	why	whisper	wheel
wo	u:	two
y	aɪ	my	spy	fly	try							i
y	I	copy	very	many	lady							i
ye	aɪ	dye
z	s	has	easy	choose	lose	pause	pose	is	his	news	raise	兹
z	ss	possession										z
z	z	zeal	zest	Prize	crazy	zip	lazy	zone	zoo
z	zz	buzz
z	ʒ	seizure										zh
θ	th	health	thumb	three	through	south	faith	teeth	think	fifth	breath	斯

过去式“-ed”的发音规则

（1）动词词尾为“t，d”时，发/ id /音，

want →wanted （要）need →needed （需要）

（2）动词词尾为清辅音时，发/ t / 音。

help →helped （帮助）laugh →laughed （笑）look →looked （看）

kiss →kissed （吻）wash →washed （洗） watch →watched （注视）

（3）动词词尾为t，d以外之浊辅音或元音时，发/ d /音。

call →called （叫）stay→stayed （停留）cry→cried （哭）

 

1 元音字母在重读音节中的读音
a	在开音节中发	/ei/	name plane Jane baby cake make take
	在闭音节中发	/æ/	bag dad hat map black back
e	在开音节中发	/i:/	he these me Chinese bee green tree
	在闭音节中发	/e/	bed let pen desk yes
i(y)	在开音节中发	/ai/	bike fly drive time nice kite
	在闭音节中发	/i/	fish big drink sit milk swim pig six
o	在开音节中发	/əʊ/	those close go hoe home no
	在闭音节中发	/ɒ/	clock not box shop sock doll orange dog
u	在开音节中发	/ju:/	student excuse duty Tuesday
			u在辅音字母j，l，r，s后面时读/u:/
			June blue ruler super
	在闭音节中发	/ʌ/	bus cup jump much lunch duck
2 元音字母在非重读音节中的读音
a		/ə/	China another breakfast pedal
		/ɪ/	orange comrade village cabbage
e		/ə/	hundred student open children
		/ɪ/	chicken pocket begin
i		/ə/	holiday beautiful
		/ɪ/	family animal
		/aɪ/	exercise satellite
o		/ə/	second tonight somebody welcome control
		/əʊ/	also zero photo
u		/ə/	autumn difficult
		/ju:/	popular congratulation January
3 元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音
a	在/w/音后面发	/ɒ/	want what watch wash quality
	在f，n，sk，ph， sp，ss，st，th前	/ɑ:/	after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father
i	在-nd，-ld和-gh前	/aɪ/	find child light high
o	在-st，-ld前	/əʊ/	most postcard old cold
	在m，n，v，th前	/ʌ/	come monkey love mother
u	在连接辅音和元音时	/w/	persuade

名词变复数的发音规则

以元音音素结尾的加了“s”后发/z/音如：windows \ doors\ computers \centers

以清辅音结尾的加了“S"后发/s/音 如： chicks \ maps\ cups

以字母t结尾的发/ts/音 如：mats \ cats\ aunts

以字母d结尾的发/dz/音 如： birds \ words\ hands

其他辅音音素结尾的都发/z/音。 特殊变化的词根据变化后结尾音变化同上如：butterfly-butterflies变化后结尾音/ai/为元音，所以发/z/音。

A．“单数→复数”的规则变化

（1）名词词尾发音为[s, z, , , , ]时，加“-es”（如词尾有“-e”只加“-s”）

并发[-iz]音，形成一个音节，也就是本项名词为单音节时，加了“-es”便成为双音节的单词。

class[kla:s]→classes[kla:siz]班级

phrase[freiz]→phrases[freiziz]短语

dish[di]→dishes[diiz]盘，碟

garage[ 'gærɑ: ]→garages['gærɑ:iz]车库

watch[ w ]→watches[wiz]手表

bridge[bri]→bridges[ briiz]桥梁

（2）名词词尾发音为前二项以外的情形时，亦即为[b, d, g, v, , m, n, , l]等浊辅音及元音时

（词尾为“-o”除外），加“-es”并发[-z]音。例如：

bee[bi:]→bees[bi:z]蜜蜂

igloo['iglu:]→igloos['iglu:z]圆顶冰屋

dog[dg]→dogs[dgz]狗

glove[glv]→gloves[glvz]手套

scythe[sai]→scythes[saiz]大镰刀

game[geim]→games[geimz]游戏

can[kn]→cans[knz]罐，桶

king[ki]→kings[kiz]国王

girl[gl]→girls[glz]女孩 \ circles

star[sta:]→stars[sta:z]星星

law[l]→laws[lz]法律

eye[ai]→eyes[aiz]眼睛

day[dei]→days[deiz]日，白昼

cow[kau]→cows[kauz]母牛

blow[blou]→blows[blouz]殴打

boy[bi]→boys[biz]男孩

bear[b]→bears[b]熊

herb[hb]→herbs[hbz]药草

bed[bed]→beds[bedz]床

（3）名词词尾发音为[p, t, k, f, θ]等清辅音时，加“-s”并发[-s]音。例如：

cup[kp]→cups[kps]茶杯

cat[kt]→cats[kts]猫

book0[buk]→books[buks]书

roof[ru:f]→roofs[ru:fs]屋顶

month[mnθ]→months[mnθs]月

注：“stomach”（胃），“monarch”（君主）等的复数是词尾加“-s”而不是加“-es”，

 因为这些词的词尾“-ch”的发音是[-k]。

（4）名词词尾为“-o”时：

（a）“-元音字母+o”时，加“-es”并发[-z]音，例如：

studio[>stju:diou]→studios[>stju:diouz]画室

zoo[zu:]→zoos[zu:z]动物园

（b）“-辅音字母+o”时，加“-es”并发[-z]音，例如：

negro[>ni:grou]→negroes[>ni:grouz]黑人

potato[p>teitou]→potatoes[p>teitouz]马铃薯

注：本项也有加“-s”并发[-z]音的，多为外来语，例如：

piano[pi>nou]→pianos[pi>nouz]钢琴（意大利语）

photo[>foutou]→photos[>foutouz]照片（希腊语）

radio[>reidiou]→radios[>reidiouz]收音机（源自拉丁词根-1906

以元音音素结尾的加了“s”后发/z/音如：windows \ doors\ computers

以清辅音结尾的加了“S"后发/s/音 如： chicks \ maps\ cups

以字母t结尾的发/ts/音 如：mats \ cats\ aunts

以字母d结尾的发/dz/音 如： birds \ words\ hands

其他辅音音素结尾的都发/z/音。 特殊变化的词根据变化后结尾音变化同上如：butterfly-butterflies变化后结尾音/ai/为元音，所以发/z/音。

（5） 名词词尾为“-y”时：

（a）“-元音字母+y”时直接加“-s”并发[-z]音，例如：

play[plei]→plays[pleiz]剧本

toy[ti]→toys[tiz]玩具

（b）“-辅音字母+y”时，先把“-y”改为“-i”再加“-es”并发[-iz]音，例如：

city[>siti]→cities[>sitiz]城市

lady[>leidi]→ladies[>leidiz]女士

有声辅音：[p ] [ t ] [ k ] [ f ] [ s ] [ θ ] [ʃ ] [tʃ ] [ h ]

无声辅音：[ b ] [ d ] [ g ] [ v ] [ z ] [ð ] [ʒ ] [dʒ ]

有声辅音：[ m ] [ n ] [ŋ ] [ l ] [ r ] [ w ] [ j ]

词尾是清辅音，如f,k,p,t,θ,但s,ʃ ,tʃ除外，s发[s]的音；

如books,suits,maps,students,lakes,roofs;

词尾是浊辅音，如b,d,g,l,m,n,ŋ,但z,ʒ ,dʒ除外，s发[z]的音；

如ties,dogs,beds,fields,days,miles

词尾是s,ʃ ,tʃ，z,ʒ ,dʒ时，s发[iz]的音；

如dresses,boxes,matches;