24 Enlighten

24 启蒙

……from the way needles are made to the way cannons are founded……

……从制针的技术到铸造大炮的方法…… 

Hilde had just begun the chapter on the Renaissance when she heard her mother come in the front door. She looked at the clock. It was four in the afternoon.

席德正要开始阅读“文艺复兴”那一章时，听到楼下传来妈妈进门的声音。她看看钟，已经下午四点了。 

Her mother ran upstairs and opened Hilde's door.

妈妈跑上楼来，打开席德的房门。 

"Didn't you go to the church?"

“你没去教堂吗？” 

"Yes, I did."

“去啦。” 

"But... what did you wear?"

“可是……你穿什么衣服去的？” 

"What I'm wearing now."

“就是我现在身上穿的呀!” 

"Your nightgown?"

“你的睡衣吗？” 

"It's an old stone church from the Middle Ages."

“那是一座中世纪的古老岩石教堂。” 

"Hilde!"

“席德！” 

She let the ring binder fall into her lap and looked up at her mother.

她把讲义夹滑到怀中，抬起头来看着妈妈。 

"I forgot the time, Mom. I'm sorry, but I'm reading something terribly exciting."

“妈，我忘记时间了。对不起，可是我正在读一些很有趣的东西。” 

Her mother could not help smiling.

妈妈忍不住笑起来。 

"It's a magic book," added Hilde.

“这是一本很神奇的书。”席德说。 

"Okay. Happy birthday once again, Hilde!"

“好吧。我再说一次生日快乐，席德!” 

"Hey, I don't know if I can take that phrase any more."

“又来了，我都快听烦了。” 

"But I haven't... I'm just going to rest for a while, then I'll start fixing a great dinner. I managed to get hold of some strawberries."

“可是我还没有……我要去休息一会，然后我会弄一顿丰盛的晚餐。你知道吗？我好不容易买到一些草莓。” 

"Okay, I'll go on reading."

“好。那我就继续看书啰。” 

Her mother left and Hilde read on.

妈妈走出房间。席德继续看下去。 

Sophie is following Hermes through the town. In Alberto's hall she finds another card from Lebanon. This, too, is dated June 15.

苏菲跟着汉密士来到镇上。在艾伯特的门廊上，她看到一张刚从黎巴嫩寄来的明信片。上面的日期也是六月十五日。 

Hilde was just beginning to understand the system of the dates. The cards dated before June 15 are copies of cards Hilde had already received from her dad. But those with today's date are reaching her for the first time via the ring binder.

席德已经逐渐了解这些日期安排的模式了。那些在六月十五日以前的明信片是席德已经接到的那些明信片的副本。而那些写着六月十五日的明信片则是她今天才第一次在讲义夹里看到的。 

Dear Hilde, Now Sophie is coming to the philosopher's house. She will soon be fifteen, but you were fifteen yesterday. Or is it today, Hilde? If it is today, it must be late, then. But our watches do not always agree . . .

亲爱的席德：现在苏菲已经到哲学家的家里来了。她很快就要满十五岁了，但你昨天就满十五了。还是今天呢？如果是今天的话，那么信到得本迟了。不过我们两个的时间并不一定一致……

Hilde read how Alberto told Sophie about the Renaissance and the new science, the seventeenth-century rationalists and British empiricism.

席德读到艾伯特和苏菲谈论文艺复兴运动与新科学，还有十七世纪理性主义者与英国的经验主义。 

She jumped at every new card and birthday greeting that her father had stuck into the story. He got them to fall out of an exercise book, turn up inside a banana skin, and hide inside a computer program. Without the slightest effort, he could get Alberto to make a slip of the tongue and call Sophie Hilde. On top of everything else, he got Hermes to say "Happy birthday, Hilde!"

每一次席德看到父亲设法夹藏在故事中的明信片和生日贺词时，都吓了一跳。他让它们从苏菲的作业本里掉出来，在香蕉皮内层出现，有的甚至藏在电脑程式里。他轻而易举地让艾伯特把苏菲的名字叫成席德。最过分的是他居然让汉密士开口说：“席德，生日快乐!” 

Hilde agreed with Alberto that he was going a bit too far, comparing himself with God and Providence. But whom was she actually agreeing with? Wasn't it her father who put those reproachful--or self-reproachful--words in Alberto's mouth? She decided that the comparison with God was not so crazy after all. Her father really was like an almighty God for Sophie's world.

席德同意艾伯特的说法，爸爸是做得太过分了一些，居然把自己比做上帝和天意。可是让艾伯特说这些话的人不正是她的爸爸吗？其实她想想，爸爸将自己比做上帝毕竟也不算很那个，因为在苏菲的世界里面，爸爸不就像是一个无所不能的上帝吗？

When Alberto got to Berkeley, Hilde was at least as enthralled as Sophie had been. What would happen now? There had been all kinds of hints that something special was going to happen as soon as they got to that philosopher--who had denied the existence of a material world outside human consciousness.

当艾伯特谈到柏克莱的哲学时，席德和苏菲一样完全被迷惑了。下一步会发生什么事呢？书里已经多次暗示当他们谈到这位不认为人的意识之外有物质世界存在的哲学家(席德偷偷看了一下百科全书)时，就会有一件很特别的事发生。 

The chapter begins with Alberto and Sophie standing at the window, seeing the little plane with the long Happy Birthday streamer waving behind it. At the same time dark clouds begin to gather over the town.

这章一开始是艾伯特和苏菲两人站在窗前，看着那架拖着长长的“生日快乐”布条的小飞机。这个时候，乌云开始在市区上方聚集。 

"So 'to be or not to be' is not the whole question. The question is also who we are. Are we really human beings of flesh and blood? Does our world consist of real things--or are we encircled by the mind?"

因此，to be or not to be并不是唯一的问题。问题在于我们是什么。我们真的是血肉之躯的人类吗？我们的世界是由真实的事物组成的吗？或者我们只是受到心灵的包围？

Not so surprising that Sophie starts biting her nails. Nail-biting had never been one of Hilde's bad habits but she didn't feel particularly pleased with herself right now. Then finally it was all out in the open: "For us-- for you and me--this 'will or spirit' that is the 'cause of everything in everything' could be Hilde's father."

难怪苏菲要开始咬指甲。席德过去从来没有咬指甲的坏习惯，不过她现在很同情苏菲。最后一切终于明朗化了：“……对于你我来说，这个‘造成万物中之万物’的‘意志或灵’可能是席德的父亲。” 

"Are you saying he's been a kind of God for us?"

“你是说他有点像是在扮演我们的上帝吗？” 

"To be perfectly can did, yes.He should be ashamed of himself!"

“坦白说，是的。他应该觉得惭愧才对。” 

"What about Hilde herself?"

“那席德呢？” 

"She is an angel, Sophie."

“她是个天使，苏菲。” 

"An angel?"

“天使？” 

"Hilde is the one this 'spirit' turns to."

“因为她是这个‘灵’诉求的对象。” 

With that, Sophie tears herself away from Alberto and runs out into the storm. Could it be the same storm that raged over Bjerkely last night--a few hours after Sophie ran through the town?As she ran, one thought kept going round and round in her mind: "Tomorrow is my birthday*. Isn't it extra bitter to realize that life is only a dream on the day before your fifteenth birthday? It's like dreaming you won a million and then just as you're getting the money you wake up."

说到这里，苏菲冲了出去，离开艾伯特，跑进风雨之中。那会是昨天晚上(就在苏菲跑过镇上几个小时之后)吹袭柏客来山庄的那场暴风雨吗？明天就是我的生日了，苏菲心想。在十五岁生日前夕突然领悟到生命只不过是一场梦境而已，那种感觉真是分外苦涩啊。就好像是你中了一百万大奖，正要拿到钱时，却发现这只不过是南柯一梦。 

Sophie ran across the squelching playing field. Minutes later she saw someone come running toward her. It was her mother. The sky was pierced again and again by angry darts of lightning.

苏菲啪哒啪哒地跑过泥泞的运动场。几分钟后，她看见有人跑向她。原来是妈妈。此时闪电正发怒般一再劈过天际。 

When they reached each other Sophie's mother put her arm around her.

当她们跑到彼此身边时，妈妈伸出手臂搂着苏菲。 

"What's happening to us, little one?" 

“孩子，我们到底发生什么事了？” 

"I don't know," Sophie sobbed. "It's like a bad dream."

“我不知道，”苏菲啜泣。“好像一场噩梦一样。” 

Hilde felt the tears start. "To be or not to be--that is the question." She threw the ring binder to the end of the bed and stood up. She walked back and forth across the floor. At last she stopped in front of the brass mirror, where she remained until her mother came to say dinner was ready. When Hilde heard the knock on the door, she had no idea how long she had been standing there.

席德觉得她的眼泪要掉下来了。“存在或不存在，这正是问题所在。”她把讲义夹丢到床尾，站了起来，在地板上来回踱步。最后她在那面铜镜前驻足，就这样一直站着。直到妈妈来敲门宣布晚餐已经弄好，她才猛然惊觉自己不知道已经站了多久。 

But she was sure, she was perfectly sure, that her reflection had winked with both eyes.

不过有一点她百分之百确定的是：她看到镜中的人影同时向她眨动双眼。 

She tried to be the grateful birthday girl all through dinner. But her thoughts were with Sophie and Alberto all the time.

吃晚饭时，她努力要当一个知道惜福感恩的寿星，可是她从头到尾满脑子想的都是苏菲和艾伯特。 

How would things go for them now that they knew it was Hilda's father who decided everything? Although "knew" was perhaps an exaggeration. It was nonsense to think they knew anything at all. Wasn't it only her father who let them know things?

真相现在他们已经知道，所有事情都是席德的父亲一手安排的，以后他们会发生什么事呢？事实上，说他们“知道”什么事也许是太夸张了，也是没有意义的。不是只有爸爸才能让他们知道任何事情吗？

Still, the problem was the same however you looked at it. As soon as Sophie and Alberto "knew" how everything hung together, they were in a way at the end of the road.

然而，不管从哪一个角度来看，问题都是一样的。一旦苏菲和艾伯特“知道”一切事情的真相，他们就等于走到路的尽头了。 

She almost choked on a mouthful of food as she suddenly realized that the same problem possibly applied to her own world too. People had progressed steadily in their understanding of natural laws.

她吃着饭时，突然想到同样的问题可能也存在于她自己的世界。想到这里，她差点哽住。如今，人们对大自然的法则日益了解。 

Could history simply continue to all eternity once the last piece of the jigsaw puzzle of philosophy and science had fallen into place? Wasn't there a connection between the development of ideas and science on the one hand, and the greenhouse effect and deforestation on the other? Maybe it was not so crazy to call man's thirst for knowledge a fall from grace?

一旦哲学与科学这张拼图板上的最后一片放好时，历史还会一直继续下去吗？观念、科学的发展与温室效应、森林消失这两者之间不是有某种关联吗？也许，将人类对于知识的饥渴称为“远离上帝的恩典”，并不是一种很荒谬的说法。

The question was so huge and so terrifying that Hilde tried to forget it again. She would probably understand much more as she read further in her father's birthday book.

这个问题太大，也太令人害怕，席德试着把它忘掉。她想，她应该继续再读爸爸给她的生日书，这样也许她会了解得更多一些。 

"……Happy birthday to you……" sang her mother when they were done with their ice cream and Italian strawberries. "Now we'll do whatever you choose."

“……祝你生日快乐…．”她们吃完冰淇淋和意大利草莓后，妈妈又开始唱。“现在我们来做一件你最想做的事。” 

"I know it sounds a bit crazy, but all I want to do is read my present from Dad."

“妈，我知道我这样有点神经，不过我现在最想做的就是读爸爸送我的那本书。” 

"Well, as long as he doesn't make you completely delirious."

“好吧，只要他不会让你变得不知所云就好了。” 

"No way."

“才不会呢！” 

"We could share a pizza while we watch that mystery on TV."

“待会儿我们看你爱看的侦探影集时，可以一起吃比萨饼。” 

"Yes, if you like."

“好啊，如果你想吃的话。” 

Hilde suddenly thought of the way Sophie spoke to her mother. Dad had hopefully not written any of Hilde's mother into the character of the other mother? Just to make sure, she decided not to mention the white rabbit being pulled out of the top hat. Not today, at least.

席德想到苏菲对她妈妈说话的方式。爸爸在写苏菲的母亲这个角色时该不会以妈妈为蓝本吧？为了保险起见，席德决定不要提任何有关白兔被魔术师从礼帽里拉出来的事。至少今天不要。 

"By the way," she said as she was leaving the table.

“对了，妈!”在离开餐桌时她突然想到。 

"What?"

“什么事？” 

"I can't find my gold crucifix anywhere."

“我到处找都找不到我的金十字架。” 

Her mother looked at her with an enigmatic expression.

妈妈看着她，脸上有一种谜样的表情。 

"I found it down by the dock weeks ago. You must have dropped it, you untidy scamp."

“几个礼拜前我在平台下面捡到它。一定是你掉的，你这个丢三落四的小鬼头。” 

"Did you mention it to Dad?"

“你有没有把这件事告诉爸爸呢？” 

"Let me think ... yes, I believe I may have."

“我想想看……应该有吧。” 

"Where is it then?"

“那条链子现在在哪里呢？” 

Her mother got up and went to get her own jewelry case. Hilde heard a little cry of surprise from the bedroom. She came quickly back into the living room.

妈妈上楼去拿她的珠宝盒。席德听到卧室传来一小声惊讶的叫声。不一会，妈妈就回到客厅来了。 

"Right now I can't seem to find it."

“奇怪，好像不见了。” 

"I thought as much."

“我想也是。” 

She gave her mother a hug and ran upstairs to her room. At last--now she could read on about Sophie and Alberto. She sat up on the bed as before with the heavy ring binder resting against her knees and began the next chapter.

她拥抱了妈妈一下，随即跑上楼到房间去。现在她终于又可以读有关苏菲和艾伯特的种种了。她像以前那样坐在床上，膝盖上放着那本沉重的讲义夹，开始读下一章。 

Sophie woke up the next morning when her mother came into the room carrying a tray loaded with birthday presents. She had stuck a flag in an empty soda bottle.

生日第二天早上苏菲醒来时，妈妈正端着一个放满各色生日礼物的托盘进入她的房间。盘子上还有一个空汽水瓶，里面插着一面国旗。 

"Happy birthday, Sophie!"

“苏菲，生日快乐！” 

Sophie rubbed the sleep from her eyes. She tried to remember what had happened the night before. But it was all like jumbled pieces of a jigsaw puzzle. One of the pieces was Alberto, another was Hilde and the major. A third was Berkeley, a fourth Bjerkely. The blackest piece of all was the violent storm. She had practically been in shock. Her mother had rubbed her dry with a towel and simply put her to bed with a cup of hot milk and honey. She had fallen asleep immediately.

苏菲揉一揉惺忪的睡眼。她努力回想昨晚发生的事，可是所有的事却像一堆混杂在一起的拼图一般。其中一片是艾伯特，另外一片是席德和少校。第三片是柏克莱，第四片是柏客来。最黑的一片是昨晚那场狂风暴雨。她当时真的吓呆了。妈妈用一条毛巾帮她擦干全身，让她喝了一杯加了蜂蜜的热牛奶后就让她上床了。然后；她立刻就睡着了。 

"I think I'm still alive," she said weakly.

“我还活着吧？”她有气无力地说。 

"Of course you're alive! And today you are fifteen years old."

你当然还活着!今天你满十五岁了呢!” 

"Are you quite sure?"

“你确定吗？” 

"Quite sure. Shouldn't a mother know when her only child was born? June 15, 1975 ... and half-past one, Sophie. It was the happiest moment of my life."

“当然确定。难道做妈妈的会不知道她的独生女是什么时候生的吗？那是一九七五年六月十五日……下午一点半的时候。是我一生中最快乐的时刻。” 

"Are you sure it isn't all only a dream?"

“你确定那不是一场梦吗？” 

"It must be a good dream to wake up to rolls and soda and birthday presents."

“如果醒来就有面包、汽水和生日礼物的话，那一定是一场好梦啰。” 

She put the tray of presents on a chair and disappeared out of the room for a second. When she came back she was carrying another tray with rolls and soda. She put it on the end of the bed.

妈妈把放礼物的托盘摆在一张椅子上，然后走出房间。没一会她就回来了，手里端着另外一个放有面包和汽水的托盘。她把盘子放在床尾。 

It was the signal for the traditional birthday morning ritual, with the unpacking of presents and her mother's sentimental flights back to her first contractions fifteen years ago. Her mother's present was a tennis racket. Sophie had never played tennis, but there were some open-air courts a few minutes from Clover Close. Her father had sent her a mini-TV and FM radio. The screen was no bigger than an ordinary photograph. There were also presents from old aunts and friends of the family.

这表示她们家传统的生日节目就要开始了。先是拆礼物，然后妈妈就无限感怀地回忆起十五年前她第一次阵痛的情景。妈妈送苏菲的礼物是一只网球拍。苏菲从来没有打过网球，不过离苜蓿巷几分钟处就有几座露天网球场。爸爸寄给她的礼物则是一台迷你电视兼调频收音机。电视的荧屏只有一张相片那么大。此外，还有年老的姑妈们和一些叔伯阿姨们送的礼物。 

Presently her mother said, "Do you think I should stay home from work today?"

之后，妈妈说道：“你要不要我今天请假在家陪你呢？” 

"No, why should you?"

“不要，你没有理由这样做呀。” 

"You were very upset yesterday. If it goes on, I think we should make an appointment to see a psychiatrist."

“你昨天好像心情很不好。如果继续这样下去，我想我们应该去看心理医生。” 

"That won't be necessary."

“不用啦!” 

"Was it the storm--or was it Alberto?"

“是因为暴风雨的缘故吗？还是因为艾伯特呢？” 

"What about you? You said: What's happening to us, little one?"

“那你昨天又是怎么回事呢？你说：‘孩子，我们到底发生什么事了？’”

"I was thinking of you running around town to meet some mysterious person ... Maybe it's my fault."

“我是想到我不应该让你随随便便跑到镇上去见一个神秘人物……那也许是我的错。” 

"It's not anybody's 'fault' that I'm taking a course in philosophy in my leisure time. Just go to work. School doesn't start till ten, and we're only getting our grades and sitting around."

“那不是任何人的‘错’，我只是利用闲暇的时间上一门哲学课而已。你去上班吧!今天学校十点才有课，而且只是去拿成绩单、跟同学聊聊天而已。” 

"Do you know what you're going to get?"

“你知道你这学期成绩如何吗？” 

"More than I got last semester at any rate."

“反正会比我上学期好就对了。”

Not long after her mother had gone the telephone rang.

“喂，我是苏菲。” 

"Sophie Amundsen."

妈妈走了没多久，电话响了。 

"This is Alberto."

“我是艾伯特。” 

"Ah."

“喔。” 

"The major didn't spare any ammunition last night."

“少校连昨天晚上也不放过。” 

"What do you mean."

“什么意思？” 

"The thunderstorm, Sophie."

“那场暴风雨呀。” 

"I don't know what to think."

“我已经不知道该怎么想了。” 

"That is the finest virtue a genuine philosopher can have. I am proud of how much you have learned in such a short time."

“这是一个真正的哲学家最崇高的美德。苏菲，我真是以你为荣，你在这么短的时间内就学到了这么多。” 

"I am scared that nothing is real."

“我怕没有一件事情是真的。” 

"That's called existential angst, or dread, and is as a rule only a stage on the way to new consciousness."

“这种感觉叫做‘存在的焦虑’。通常只是在迈向获得新意识的过程中的一个阶段而已。” 

"I think I need a break from the course."

“我恐怕有一段时间不能上课了。” 

"Are there that many frogs in the garden at the moment?"

“现在花园里有那么多青蛙吗？” 

Sophie started to laugh. Alberto continued: "I think it would be better to persevere. Happy birthday, by the way. We must complete the course by Midsummer Eve. It's our last chance."

苏菲笑了出来。艾伯特继续说：“我想我们还是应该继续下去。对了，顺便说一声：生日快乐。我们必须在仲夏节前上完这门课。这是我们最后的机会。” 

"Our last chance for what?"

“什么最后机会？” 

"Are you sitting comfortably? We're going to have to spend some time on this, you understand."

“你现在坐得舒服吗？我们要花一段时间来谈这个。” 

"I'm sitting down."

“好，我坐下来了。” 

"You remember Descartes?"

“你还记得笛卡尔吗？” 

"I think, therefore I am?"

“就是说：‘我思故我在’的那个人？” 

"With regard to our own methodical doubt, we are right now starting from scratch. We don't even know whether we think. It may turn out that we are thoughts, and that is quite different from thinking. We have good reason to believe that we have merely been invented by Hilde's father as a kind of birthday diversion for the major's daughter from Lillesand. Do you see?"

“对。谈到我们心中的疑问，必须要从头讲起。我们甚至不能确定自己是否在思考。也许我们会发现自己只是别人的一些想法罢了。这和思考是很不一样的。我们有很充分的理由相信我们只不过是席德的父亲创造出来的人物，好做为他女儿生日时的消遣。你明白吗？”

"Yes . . ."

“嗯…” 

"But therein also lies a built-in contradiction. If we are fictive, we have no right to 'believe' anything at all. In which case this whole telephone conversation is purely imaginary."

“可是这当中本身就有矛盾。如果我们是虚构的人物，我们就没有权利‘相信’任何事情。如果这样的话，我们这次的电话对谈纯粹都是想象出来的。” 

"And we haven't the tiniest bit of free will because it's the major who plans everything we say and do. So we can just as well hang up now."

“而我们没有一点点自由意志，因为我们的言语行动都是少校计划好的。所以我们现在还不如挂断电话算了。” 

"No, now you're oversimplifying things."

“不，你现在又把事情看得太简单了。” 

"Explain it, then."

“那就请你说明白吧。” 

"Would you claim that people plan everything they dream? It may be that Hilde's father knows everything we do. It may be just as difficult to escape his omniscience as it is to run away from your own shadow. However-- and this is where I have begun to devise a plan--it is not certain that the major has already decided on everything that is to happen. He may not decide before the very last minute--that is to say, in the moment of creation. Precisely at such moments we may possibly have an initiative of our own which guides what we say and do. Such an initiative would naturally constitute extremely weak impulses compared to the major's heavy artillery. We are very likely defenseless against intrusive external forces such as talking dogs, messages in bananas, and thunderstorms booked in advance. But we cannot rule out our stubbornness, however weak it may be."

“你会说人们梦见的事情都是他们自己计划好的吗？也许席德的爸爸确实知道我们做的每一件事，也许我们确实很难逃离他的监视，就像我们很难躲开自己的影子一样。但是我们并不确定少校是否已经决定了未来将发生的每一件事，这也是我开始拟定一项计划的原因。少校也许要到最后一分钟——也就是创造的时刻——才会做成决定。在这样的时刻我们也许可以自己决定要说些什么、做些什么。比起少校的重型大炮来，我们这一点点自主性当然只能算是极其微弱的力量。我们很可能没法抵抗一些外力(如会说话的狗、香蕉里写的字和事先预定的暴风雨等等)的干预，但是我们不能放弃自己顽强抵抗的能力，不管这种能力是多么微弱。” 

"How could that be possible?"

“这怎么做得到呢？” 

"The major naturally knows everything about our little world, but that doesn't mean he is all powerful. At any rate we must try to live as if he is not."

“少校当然知道我们这个小小世界里发生的每一件事，但这并不表示他是无所不能的。无论如何我们必须假装他不是这样，照常过我们的生活。” 

"I think I see where you're going with this."

“我想我明白你的意思了。” 

"The trick would be if we could manage to do something all on our own--something the major would not be able to discover."

“其中关键就在我们是否能设法自己做一些事情，一些不会让少校发现的事情。” 

"How can we do that if we don't even exist?"

“可是，如果我们不存在的话，我们怎么能够做这些事呢？” 

"Who said we don't exist? The question is not whether we are, but what we are and who we are. Even if it turns out that we are merely impulses in the major's dual personality, that need not take our little bit of existence away from us."

“谁说我们不存在？问题不在于我们究竟存不存在，而是在于我们是什么？我们是谁？就算最后事实证明我们只不过是少校的双重人格里的一些念头，那也并不一定能否定我们这一点点存在的价值呀。” 

 "Or our free will?"

“也不能否定我们的自由意志，对吗？” 

"I'm working on it, Sophie."

“这个我正在想办法。” 

"But Hilde's father must be fully aware that you are working on it."

“可是席德的爸爸一定知道你正在想办法。” 

"Decidedly so. But he doesn't know what the actual plan is. I am attempting to find an Archimedian point."

“当然哼。可是他并不知道我们确切的计划是什么。我正试图要找到一个阿基米德点。” 

"An Archimedian point?"

“阿基米德点？” 

"Archimedes was a Greek scientist who said 'Give me a firm point on which to stand and I will move the earth.' That's the kind of point we must find to move ourselves out of the major's inner universe."

“阿基米德是希腊的一个科学家。他说：‘给我一个稳固的点，让我站在上面，我就能够移动地球。’我们必须找到那个支点，才能把我们自己移出少校的内在宇宙。” 

"That would be quite a feat."

“这可不简单哪！” 

"But we won't manage to slip away before we have finished the philosophy course. While that lasts he has much too firm a grip on us. He has clearly decided that I am to guide you through the centuries right up to our own time. But we only have a few days left before he boards a plane somewhere down in the Middle East. If we haven't succeeded in detaching ourselves from his gluey imagination before he arrives at Bjerkely, we are done for."

“问题是在我们还没有上完哲学课之前，我们不可能溜得走。在上课期间，他会把我们抓得紧紧的。他显然已经决定要我引导你了解从近代到现代这几个世纪的哲学。可是我们只剩下几天的时间了，因为他再过几天就要在中东某个地方登机了。如果在他抵达柏客来之前，我们还没有脱离他那牛皮糖一般的想象力的话，我们就完了。” 

"You're frightening me!"

“说得真吓人。”

"First of all I shall give you the most important facts about the French Enlightenment. Then we shall take the main outline of Kant's philosophy so that we can get to Romanticism. Hegel will also be a significant part of the picture for us. And in talking about him we will unavoidably touch on Kierkegaard's indignant clash with Hegelian philosophy. We shall briefly talk about Marx, Darwin, and Freud. And if we can manage a few closing comments on Sartre and Existentialism, our plan can be put into operation."

“首先我要告诉你法国启蒙运动时期最重要的一些事情，然后我们会扼要地讨论一下康德的哲学，以便接着谈浪漫主义。黑格尔也将是这里面的一个重要人物。谈到他时，我们势必要谈到祁克果(Kierkegaard)如何怒气勃勃地驳斥黑格尔的哲学。然后，我们将简短地谈一下马克思、达尔文和佛洛伊德等人。最后如果我们能够想办法谈一下萨特和存在主义，我们的计划就可以付诸行动了。” 

"That's an awful lot for one week."

“这么多东西，一个星期怎么谈得完？” 

"That's why we must begin at once. Can you come over right away?"

“所以我们才要马上开始呀。你现在可以过来吗？”

"I have to go to school. We are having a class get-together and then we get our grades."

“我今天要上学。我们要开同学会，拿成绩单。” 

"drop it. If we are only fictive, it's pure imagination that candy and soda have any taste."

“别去了。如果我们只是虚构的人物，我们能尝到糖果和汽水的味道才怪。” 

"But my grades ..."

“可是我的成绩……” 

"Sophie, either you are living in a wondrous universe on a tiny planet in one of many hundred billion galaxies-- or else you are the result of a few electromagnetic impulses in the major's mind. And you are talking about grades! You ought to be ashamed of yourself!"

“苏菲，你应该关心你自己究竟是住在一个美妙宇宙中的一个小小星球上的人，还是只是少校心灵中的一些电磁波。但你却只担心你的成绩单!你真应该感到惭愧呀！” 

"I'm sorry."

“对不起。” 

"But you'd better go to school before we meet. It might have a bad influence on Hilde if you cut your last school-day. She probably goes to school even on her birthday. She is an angel, you know."

“不过你还是先去上学好了。如果你在学期最后一天缺席，可能会把席德带坏。她也许连她生日那一天都会去上学呢!她是个天使，你知道吗？” 

"So I'll come straight from school."

“那我放学后就直接去你那儿。” 

"We can meet at the major's cabin."

“我们可以在少校的小木屋见面。” 

"The major's cabin?"

“少校的小木屋？” 

... Click!

“卡!”一声，电话挂上了。 

Hilde let the ring binder slide into her lap. Her father had given her conscience a dig there--she did cut her last day at school. How sneaky of him!

席德让讲义夹滑到怀中。爸爸的话让她有点良心不安——她在学期最后一天的确没有上学。真是的，这个老滑头！

She sat for a while wondering what the plan was that Alberto was devising. Should she sneak a look at the last page? No, that would be cheating. She'd better hurry up and read it to the end.

她坐了一会，心想不知道艾伯特究竟拟了什么样的计划。她该不该偷看最后一页呢？不，那样就算作弊了。她最好赶紧把它读完。 

But she was convinced Alberto was right on one important point. One thing was that her father had an overview of what was going to happen to Sophie and Alberto. But while he was writing, he probably didn't know everything that would happen. He might dash off something in a great hurry, something he might not notice till long after he had written it. In a situation like that Sophie and Alberto would have a certain amount of leeway.

不过她相信艾伯特有一点(很重要的一点)说得对。爸爸的确对苏菲和艾伯特经历过的事通盘了解。但他在写作时，可能也不完全知道未来将发生的事。他可能会在匆忙之间写下一些东西，并且很久以后才注意到。这样一来，苏菲和艾伯特就有相当的空间可以发挥了。 

Once again Hilde had an almost transfiguring conviction that Sophie and Alberto really existed. Still waters run deep, she thought to herself.

席德再次觉得她相信苏菲和艾伯特是确实存在的。真人不露相，她心里这么想。 

Why did that idea come to her?It was certainly not a thought that rippled the surface.

这个意念为什么会进入她心中呢？那当然不是一个会在表面激起涟漪的想法。 

At school, Sophie received lots of attention because it was her birthday. Her classmates were already keyed up by thoughts of summer vacation, and grades, and the sodas on the last day of school.

就像每次班上有人过生日时一样，同学们今天都围着苏菲纷纷起哄。由于暑假前的气氛、成绩单和汽水等等，苏菲自己也满高兴受人注目。 

The minute the teacher dismissed the class with her best wishes for the vacation, Sophie ran home.

当老师祝大家暑假愉快，并且宣布解散后，苏菲马上冲回家。 

Joanna tried to slow her down but Sophie called over her shoulder that there was something she just had to do.

乔安本想留住她，但苏菲回过头大声对乔安说她必须去办一件事。 

In the mailbox she found two cards from Lebanon. They were both birthday cards: HAPPY BIRTHDAY--15 YEARS. One of them was to "Hilde M0ller Knag, c/o Sophie Amundsen . . ." But the other one was to Sophie herself. Both cards were stamped "UN Battalion--June 15."

她在信箱里发现了两张从黎巴嫩寄来的明信片，上面都印有“祝你十五岁生日快乐!”的字样。其中一张仍旧写着“请苏菲代转席德”，但另外一张则是直接写给苏菲的。两张明信片上都盖着“六月十五日联合国部队”的邮戳。 

Sophie read her own card first:

苏菲先读那张写给她的明信片： 

Sophie was not sure how to react, now that Hilde's father had finally written to her too. Hilde's card read:

席德的父亲终于也写明信片给她了。苏菲真不知道自己该有什么反应。给席德的明信片内容是这样的： 

The major was obviously still keeping his eye on them.

他显然仍监视着他们。 

Sophie let herself in and put her report card with all the A's on the kitchen table. Then she slipped through the hedge and ran into the woods.Soon she was once again rowing across the little lake.

苏菲进了门，把全都是A的成绩单放在厨房的桌子上，然后便钻过树篱，跑进树林中。不久她再次划船渡湖。 

Alberto was sitting on the doorstep when she got to the cabin. He invited her to sit beside him.

她到达小屋时，艾伯特已经坐在门前的台阶上等她了。他招手示意，要她坐在他身旁。 

The weather was fine although a slight mist of damp raw air was coming off the lake. It was as though it had not quite recovered from the storm.

今天天气晴朗，不过湖面上有一层薄薄的水气往上升，仿佛湖水尚未完全从那场暴风雨中复原似的。 

"Let's get going right away," said Alberto.

“我们还是开门见山地谈吧。”艾伯特说。 

启蒙运动

"After Hume, the next great philosopher was the German, Immanuel Kant. But France also had many important thinkers in the eighteenth century. We could say that the philosophical center of gravity h. Europe in the eighteenth century was in England in the first half, in France in the middle, and in Germany toward the end of it."

“休姆之后出现的另一位大哲学家是德国的康德(1mmanuel Kant)。但十八世纪的法国也出现了许多重要的思想家。我们可以说，十八世纪前半，欧洲的哲学中心是在英国，十八世纪中期，是在法国，十八世纪末，则是在德国。” 

"A shift from west to east, in other words."

“从西边一直换到东边。” 

"Precisely. Let me outline some of the ideas that many of the French Enlightenment philosophers had in common. The important names are Montesquieu, Voltaire, and Rousseau, but there were many, many others. I shall concentrate on seven points."

“没错。我首先要大略描述一下法国启蒙时期哲学家的一些共同特点。其中最重要的几个人物是盂德斯鸠、伏尔泰和卢梭。当然，除此之外还有很多哲学家。我将把重心放在七点上。” 

"Thanks, that I am painfully aware of."

“我早就知道啦!” 

Sophie handed him the card from Hilde's father. Alberto sighed deeply. "He could have saved himself the trouble ... the first key words, then, are opposition to authority. Many of the French Enlightenment philosophers visited England, which was in many ways more liberal than their home country, and were intrigued by the English natural sciences, especially Newton and his universal physics. But they were also inspired by British philosophy, in particular by Locke and his political philos-ophy. Once back in France, they became increasingly opposed to the old authority. They thought it was essential to remain skeptical of all inherited truths, the idea being that the individual must find his own answer to every question. The tradition of Descartes was very inspiring in this respect."

苏菲把席德的父亲寄来的明信片递给艾伯特。艾伯特深深叹了口气：“他实在不必这么费事的……首先，这个时期最重要的口号就是反抗权威。当时许多法国哲学家都到过英国。那时的英国在很多方面都比法国开明。这些哲学家受到英国自然科学——尤其是牛顿的宇宙物理学——的吸引，也受到英国哲学——尤其是洛克的政治哲学——的启发。他们回到法国后，对于传统的权威愈来愈不能认同，认为有必要对前人所谓的真理抱持怀疑的态度。他们的想法是：每一个人都必须自行找寻问题的答案。在这方面他们受笛卡尔的启发很大。” 

"Because he was the one who built everything up from the ground."

“因为他的思想体系是从头建立的。” 

"Quite so. The opposition to authority was not least directed against the power of the clergy, the king, and the nobility. During the eighteenth century, these institu-tions had far more power in France than they had in England."

“可以这么说。不过，反对权威的口号也有一部分是针对当时的教士、国王和贵族。在十八世纪时，这几种人在法国的势力比在英国要大得多。” 

"Then came the French Revolution."

“后来就发生了法国大革命？” 

"Yes, in 1789. But the revolutionary ideas arose much earlier. The next key word is rationalism."

“是的，一七八九年法国大革命发生了，但是革命的理念是在很早之前就萌芽了。下面一个关键名词是理性主义。” 

"I thought rationalism went out with Hume."

“我还以为理性主义随着休姆消逝了。” 

"Hume himself did not die until 1776. That was about twenty years after Montesquieu and only two years before Voltaire and Rousseau, who both died in 1778. But all three had been to England and were familiar with the philosophy of Locke. You may recall that Locke was not consistent in his empiricism. He believed, for example, that faith in God and certain moral norms were inherent in human reason. This idea is also the core of the French Enlightenment."

“休姆本人到一七七六年才逝世。那时孟德斯鸠已经死了大约二十年了。两年后，也就是一七七八年，伏尔泰和卢梭双双去世。可是他们三人都到过英国，非常熟悉洛克的哲学。你也许还记得洛克的经验主义理论前后并不一致。例如他相信人对上帝的信仰和若干道德规范是人的理性中所固有的。这个想法也是法国启蒙运动的核心。 

"You also said that the French have always been more rational than the British."

“你说过法国人总是比英国人更理性。” 

"Yes, a difference that goes right back to the Middle Ages. When the British speak of 'common sense,' the French usually speak of 'evident.' The English expression means 'what everybody knows,' the French means 'what is obvious'--to one's reason, that is."

“是的。这项民族性的差异可以回溯到中世纪。英国人通常会说‘这是常识’，但法国人却会说‘这很明显’。英国人说‘这是大家都知道的’，但法国人却会说‘这是很明显的’，也就是说对于人的理性来说是很明显的。” 

"I see."

“原来如此。” 

"Like the humanists of antiquity--such as Socrates and the Stoics--most of the Enlightenment philosophers had an unshakable faith in human reason. This was so characteristic that the French Enlightenment is often called the Age of Reason. The new natural sciences had revealed that nature was subject to reason. Now the Enlightenment philosophers saw it as their duty to lay a foundation for morals, religion, and ethics in accordance with man's immutable reason. This led to the enlightenment movement."

“大多数启蒙时期的哲学家和苏格拉底及斯多葛学派这些古代的人文主义者一样，坚决相信人的理性，所以法国启蒙运动时期时常被称为‘理性时代’。当时，新兴的自然科学已经证明自然是受理性所管辖的，于是哲学家们认为他们也有责任依据人不变的理性为道德、宗教、伦理奠定基础。启蒙运动因此而产生。” 

"The third point."

“这是第三点，对不对？” 

"Now was the time to start 'enlightening' the masses. This was to be the basis for a better society. People thought that poverty and oppression were the fault of ig-norance and superstition. Great attention was therefore focused on the education of children and of the people. It is no accident that the science of pedagogy was founded during the Enlightenment."

“他们想要‘启’发群众的‘蒙’昧，以建立更好的社会。他们认为人民之所以过着贫穷、备受压迫的生活，是由于他们无知、迷信所致。因此他们把重点放在教育儿童与一般大众上。所以，教育学这门学科创立于启蒙时代并非偶然。” 

"So schools date from the Middle Ages, and pedagogy from the Enlightenment."

“这么说，学校制度开始于中世纪，而教育学则开始于启蒙时代。” 

"You could say that. The greatest monument to the enlightenment movement was characteristically enough a huge encyclopedia. I refer to the Encyclopedia in 28 volumes published during the years from 1751 to 1772. All the great philosophers and men of letters contributed to it. 'Everything is to be found here,' it was said, 'from the way needles are made to the way cannons are founded.' "

“可以这么说。启蒙时代最大的成就是出版了一套足以代表那个时代的大规模百科全书。这套书共有二十八册，在一七五一年到一七七二年间出版。当时所有知名的哲学家与文人都参与了编纂工作。他们打出的口号是‘你在这套书中可以查到所有的知识，上自铸造大炮的方法，下至制针的技术’。” 

The next point is cultural optimism, Sophie said.

“下面你是不是要谈到文化上的乐观态度？” 

"Would you oblige me by putting that card away while I am talking?"

“我说话时请你不要看那张明信片好吗？” 

"Excuse me."

“喔，对不起。” 

"The Enlightenment philosophers thought that once reason and knowledge became widespread, humanity would make great progress. It could only be a question of time before irrationalism and ignorance would give way to an 'enlightened' humanity. This thought was dominant in Western Europe until the last couple of decades. Today we are no longer so convinced that all 'developments' are to the good.

“启蒙时期的哲学家认为一旦人的理性发达、知识普及之后，人性就会有很大的进步，所有非理性的行为与无知的做法迟早都会被‘文明’的人性取代。这种想法后来成为西欧地区的主要思潮，一直到前几十年为止。今天我们已经不再相信所有的‘发展’都是好的。

"But this criticism of 'civilization' was already being voiced by French Enlightenment philosophers."

事实上，早在法国启蒙时期，就已经有哲学家对所谓的‘文明’提出批评。” 

"Maybe we should have listened to them."

“也许我们早应该听他们的话。” 

"For some, the new catchphrase was back to nature. But 'nature' to the Enlightenment philosophers meant almost the same as 'reason/ since human reason was a gift of nature rather than of religion or of 'civilization.' It was observed that the so-called primitive peoples were frequently both healthier and happier than Europeans, and this, it was said, was because they had not been 'civilized.'

“当时有些人提出‘回归自然’的口号，但对于启蒙时期的哲学家而言，‘自然’几乎就代表‘理性’，因为人的理性乃是自然的赐予，而不是宗教或‘文明’的产物。他们的说法是：所谓的‘原始民族’常常比欧洲人要更健康、更快乐，因为他们还没有被‘文明化’。 

Rousseau proposed the catchphrase, 'We should return to nature.' For nature is good, and man is 'by nature' good; it is civilization which ruins him. Rousseau also believed that the child should be allowed to remain in its 'naturally' innocent state as long as possible. It would not be wrong to say that the idea of the intrinsic value of childhood dates from the Enlightenment. Previously, childhood had been considered merely a preparation for adult life. But we are all human beings--and we live our life on this earth, even when we are children."

卢梭提出‘人类应该回归自然’的口号，因为自然是好的，所以人如果能处于‘自然’的状态就是好的，可惜他们却往往受到文明的败坏。卢梭并且相信大人应该让小孩子尽量停留在他们天真无邪的‘自然’状态里。所以我们可以说体认童年的价值的观念从启蒙时代开始。在此之前，人们都认为童年只不过是为成年人的生活做准备而已。可是我们都是人，儿童跟大人一样，也是生活在这个地球上的人。” 

"I should think so!"

“可不是嘛!” 

"Religion, they thought, had to be made natural."

“他们也认为宗教必须加以自然化。” 

"What exactly did they mean by that?"

“怎么说呢？” 

"They meant that religion also had to be brought into harmony with 'natural' reason. There were many who fought for what one could call a natural religion, and that is the sixth point on the list. At the time there were a lot of confirmed materialists who did not believe in a God, and who professed to atheism. But most of the Enlightenment philosophers thought it was irrational to imagine a world without God. The world was far too rational for that. Newton held the same view, for example. It was also considered rational to believe in the immortality of the soul. Just as for Descartes, whether or not man has an immortal soul was held to be more a question of reason than of faith."

“他们的意思是，宗教也必须与‘自然’的理性和谐共存。当时有许多人为建立所谓的‘自然宗教’而奋斗。这就是我们要谈的第六点。当时有很多唯物论者不相信上帝，自称为无神论者。但大多数启蒙时期的哲学家认为否认上帝存在是不合乎理性的，因为这个世界太有条理了，因此不可能没有上帝的存在。牛顿就持这样看法。同样的，这些启蒙时期的哲学家也认为相信灵魂不朽是合理的。他们和笛卡尔一样，认为人是否有一个不朽的灵魂不是信仰问题，而是理性的问题。” 

"That I find very strange. To me, it's a typical case of what you believe, not of what you know."

“我觉得这种说法很奇怪。在我认为，这个问题的关键正在于你相不相信，而不在于你知不知道。” 

"That's because you don't live in the eighteenth century. According to the Enlightenment philosophers, what religion needed was to be stripped of all the irrational dogmas or doctrines that had got attached to the simple teachings of Jesus during the course of ecclesiastical history."

“这是因为你没有生在十八世纪的缘故。据启蒙时期哲学家的看法，宗教上所有不合理的教条或教义都有必要去除。因为耶稣的教诲本来是很简单的，这些不合理的教条或教义都是在后来教会传教的过程才添加上去的。” 

"I see."

“原来如此。” 

"Many people consequently professed to what is known as Deism."

“所以后来有许多人宣称他们相信所谓的‘自然神论’。” 

"What is that?"

“那是一种什么样的理论？” 

"By Deism we mean a belief that God created the world ages and ages ago, but has not revealed himself to the world since. Thus God is reduced to the 'Supreme Being' who only reveals himself to mankind through nature and natural laws, never in any 'supernatural' way. We find a similar 'philosophical God' in the writings of Aristotle. For him, God was the 'formal cause' or 'first mover.' "

“所谓‘自然神论’是指相信上帝在万古之前创造了世界，但从此以后就没有再现身。上帝成了一个‘至高的存在’，只透过大自然与自然法则向人类显现，绝不会透过任何‘超自然’的方式现身。我们在亚理斯多德的著作中也可以发现类似这种‘哲学上帝’的说法。对他而言，上帝乃是‘目的因’或‘最初的推动者’。” 

"So now there's only one point left, human rights."

“我们只剩下人权这一点还没讲了。” 

"And yet this is perhaps the most important. On the whole, you could say that the French Enlightenment was more practical than the English philosophy."

“但这也许是最重要的一点。大致上来说，法国启蒙时期的哲学家要比英国哲学家更注重实践。” 

"You mean they lived according to their philosophy?"

“你是说他们比较依照自己的哲学生活？” 

"Yes, very much so. The French Enlightenment philosophers did not content themselves with theoretical views on man's place in society. They fought actively for what they called the 'natural rights' of the citizen. At first, this took the form of a campaign against censorship--for the freedom of the press. But also in matters of religion, morals, and politics, the individual's right to freedom of thought and utterance had to be secured. They also fought for the abolition of slavery and for a more humane treatment of criminals."

“没错，法国启蒙时期的哲学家对于一般人在社会的地位并不满意。他们积极争取所谓的‘自然权利’，并首先发起一项反对言论管制、争取新闻自由的运动。此外他们认为个人在宗教、道德与政治方面的思想与言论自由也有待争取。他们同时也积极提倡废除奴隶制度并以更合乎人性的方式对待罪犯。” 

"I think I agree with most of that."

“他们大多数的观点我都赞同。” 

"The principle of the 'inviolability of the individual' culminated in the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen adopted by the French National Assembly in 178V. This Declaration of Human Rights was the basis for our own Norwegian Constitution of 1814."

“一七八九年，法国国民议会通过‘人权与民权宣言’，确立了‘个人权利不可侵犯’的原则。挪威在一八一四年制定的宪法正是以这份宣言为基础。” 

"But a lot of people still have to fight for these rights."

“可是目前世界上仍然有很多人享受不到这些权利呀!” 

"Yes, unhappily. But the Enlightenment philosophers wanted to establish certain rights that everybody was entitled to simply by being born. That was what they meant by natural rights.

“是的，这很不幸的。不过启蒙时期的哲学家希望能够确立每个人生来就有的一些权利，这就是他们所谓‘自然权利’的意思。

"We still speak of a 'natural right' which can often be in conflict with the laws of the land. And we constantly find individuals, or even whole nations, that claim this 'natural right' when they rebel against anarchy, servitude, and oppression."

到现在我们仍然使用‘自然权利’的字眼来指一种可能会与国家法律发生冲突的权利。此外，也时常有人——甚至整个国家——在反抗专制、奴役和压迫时打着‘自然权利’的口号。” 

"What about women's rights?"

“那妇女的权利呢？” 

"The French Revolution in 1787 established a number of rights for all 'citizens.' But a citizen was nearly always considered to be a man. Yet it was the French Revolution that gave us the first inklings of feminism."

“一七八七年的法国革命确立了所有‘公民’都能享有的一些权利。但问题在于当时所谓‘公民’几乎都是指男人。尽管如此，女权运动还是在法国革命中萌芽了。” 

"It was about time!"

“也该是时候了。” 

"As early as 1787 the Enlightenment philosopher Condorcet published a treatise on the rights of women. He held that women had the same 'natural rights' as men. During the Revolution of 1789, women were extremely active in the fight against the old feudal regime. For example, it was women who led the demonstrations that forced the king away from his palace at Versailles. Women's groups were formed in Paris. In addition to the demand for the same political rights as men, they also demanded changes in the marriage laws and in women's social conditions."

“早在一七八七午时，启蒙运动的哲学家龚多塞(Condorcet)就发表了一篇有关女权的论文。他主张妇女也和男人一样有‘自然权利’。在一七八九年法国大革命期间，妇女们非常积极地反抗旧日的封建政权。举例来说，当时领导示威游行，迫使国王离开凡尔赛宫的就是一些女人。后来妇女团体陆续在巴黎成立。她们除了要求和男人享有一样的参政权之外，也要求修改婚姻法，并提高妇女的社会地位。” 

"Did they get equal rights?"

“结果她们得到和男人相同的权利了吗？” 

"No. Just as on so many subsequent occasions, the question of women's rights was exploited in the heat of the struggle, but as soon as things fell into place in a new regime, the old male-dominated society was re-introduced."

“没有。女权问题只是当时政治斗争的一个工具而已。到了新政权上任，一切恢复正常之后，又恢复了昔日以男人为主的社会制度。这种情形后来也屡次发生。” 

"Typical!"

“每次都这样。” 

"One of those who fought hardest for the rights of women during the French Revolution was Olympe de Gouges. In 1791--two years after the revolution--she published a declaration on the rights of women. The declaration on the rights of the citizen had not included any article on women's natural rights. Olympe de Gouges now demanded all the same rights for women as for men."

“法国大革命期间争取女权最力的人士之一是德古日(Olympede Gouges)。她在革命结束两年后，也就是一七九一年，出版了一篇有关女权的宣言。在此之前，有关民权的宣言从来没有提到妇女的自然法权。而德古日在这篇宣言中却要求让妇女享有和男人完全相等的权利。” 

"What happened?"

“结果怎么样？” 

"She was beheaded in 1793. And all political activity for women was banned."

“她在一七九三年被砍头，女权运动也从此被禁。” 

"How shameful!"

“真可耻呀!” 

"It was not until the nineteenth century that feminism really got under way, not only in France but also in the rest of Europe. Little by little this struggle began to bear fruit. But in Norway, for example, women did not get the right to vote until 1913. And women in many parts of the world still have a lot to fight for."

“直到十九世纪女权运动才真正在法国和欧洲各地展开，并且逐渐开花结果。不过，以挪威为例，妇女直到一九一三年才享有投票权。而目前世界上仍有许多地区的妇女无法享有充分的人权，” 

"They can count on my support."

“我和她们站在同一条阵线上。” 

Alberto sat looking across at the lake. After a minute or two he said:

艾伯特坐在那儿，目光越过湖面。一两分钟后他说： 

"That was more or less what I wanted to say about the Enlightenment."

“关于启蒙运动我大致上就谈到这儿了。”

"What do you mean by more or less?"

“你说大致上是什么意思？” 

"I have the feeling there won't be any more."

“我有一种感觉，以后不会再有了。” 

But as he said this, something began to happen in the middle of the lake. Something was bubbling up from the depths. A huge and hideous creature rose from the surface.

他说完这话时，湖水开始起一些变化。有某种东西在湖心冒泡，仿佛湖底的水突然一下喷涌上来一般。 

"A sea serpent!" cried Sophie.

“是水怪! ”苏菲说。 

The dark monster coiled itself back and forth a few times and then disappeared back into the depths. The water was as still as before.

那只黑色的怪物前后扭动了几下身子后，便潜入湖水中消失无踪。湖面又恢复了平静。 

Alberto had turned away.

艾伯特转过身去。 

"Now we'll go inside," he said.

“我们进屋去吧!”他说。 

They went into the little hut.

他们便双双起身走进小木屋。 

Sophie stood looking at the two pictures of Berkeley and Bjerkely. She pointed to the picture of Bjerkely and said:

苏菲站在那儿看着“柏克莱”和“柏客来”那两幅画。她指着“柏客来”那幅说：

"I think Hilde lives somewhere inside that picture."

“我想席德大概住在里面的某个地方。” 

An embroidered sampler now hung between the two pictures. It read: LIBERTY, EQUALITY AND FRATERNITY.

今天那两幅画中间多了一幅刺绣作品。上面绣着：“自由、平等、博爱。” 

Sophie turned to Alberto: "Did you hang that there?"

苏菲转身对艾伯特说：“是你把它挂在那儿的吗？” 

He just shook his head with a disconsolate expression.

他只是摇摇头，脸上有一种忧伤的表情。

Then Sophie discovered a small envelope on the mantelpiece. "To Hilde and Sophie," it said. Sophie knew at once who it was from, but it was a new turn of events that he had begun to count on her.

然后苏菲在壁炉架上发现一个小小的信封，上面写着：“致席德与苏菲”。苏菲立刻知道是谁写的。他居然开始直接针对她了。这倒是新鲜事。 

She opened the letter and read aloud:

她拆开信，大声念出来： 

Hilde's mother was calling from downstairs that the mystery was starting in ten minutes and that she had put the pizza in the oven. Hilde was quite exhausted after all she had read. She had been up since six o'clock this morning.

席德听见妈妈在楼下喊说电视的侦探影集在十分钟内就要开演了，同时她也已经把比萨饼放进了烤箱。读了这么多东西后，席德觉得好累。她今天早上六点就起床了。 

She decided to spend the rest of the evening celebrating her birthday with her mother. But first she had to look something up in her encyclopedia.

她决定今晚要好好和妈妈一起庆祝她的生日。不过现在她必须在百科全书里查一些东西。 

Gouges ... no. De Gouges? No again. Olympe de Gouges? Still a blank. This encyclopedia had not written one single word about the woman who was beheaded for her political commitment. Wasn't that scandalous!

Gouges……不，是DeGouges吗？还是不对。是O1ympe de Gouges吗？还是查不到。这部百科全书中没有一个字提到那个因为献身自己的政治理念而被砍头的女人。这不是太烂了吗？

She was surely not just someone her father had thought up?

她该不会是爸爸捏造出来的人物吧？

Hilde ran downstairs to get a bigger encyclopedia.

席德跑到楼下，找一部比较大的百科全书。 

"I just have to look something up," she said to her astounded mother.

“我必须查一些东西。”她对满脸讶异神色的妈妈说。 

She took the FORV to GP volume of the big family encyclopedia and ran up to her room again.

她在那一大套家庭百科全书中找出了FORV到GP那一册，然后便再次跑到楼上的房间。 

Gouges ... there she was!

Gouges……有了!德古日

Gouges, Marie Olympe (1748-1793), Fr. author, played a prominent role during the French Revolution with numerous brochures on social questions and several plays. One of the few during the Revolution who campaigned for human rights to apply to women. In 1791 published "Declaration on the Rights of Women." Beheaded in 1793 for daring to defend Louis XVI and oppose Robespierre.

德古日(Gouges，Marie Olympe，一七四八一一七九三年)，法国作家，在法国革命期间出版了许多社会问题论述和若干剧本，因此成为革命中的知名人物。她是革命期间少数为妇女争取权利的人士之一，于一七九一年出版了《女权宣言》。一七九三年时因为胆敢为路易十六辩护、反抗罗伯斯庇尔被砍头。 

(Lit: L. Lacour, "Les Origines du feminisme contem-porain," 1900)

（请参照一九oo年所出版的《当代女权运动的起源》）